Physics-SPT (BA/BSC 4th)

UNIT-I

Statistical definition of entropy, change of entropy of a system, additive nature of entropy, law of increase of entropy, reversible and irreversible processes with examples. Work done in a reversible process. Examples of increase of entropy in natural processes. Entropy and disorder. Brief review of the terms and Laws of Thermodynamics, Carnot’s Cycle. Entropy changes in Carnot’s Cycle. Applications of thermodynamics to thermoelectric effect, change of entropy along a reversible path in a P.V. diagram, entropy of a perfect gas. Equation of state of ideal gas from simple statistical consideration. Heat death of the universe.

UNIT-II

Derivation of Maxwell’s thermodynamical relations and applications, cooling produced by adiabatic stretching, adiabatic compression, change of internal energy with volume. Expression for (Cp-Cv), change of state and Clayperon Equation. Thermodynamical treatment of Joule-Thomson effect. Use of Joule-Thomson effect for liquification of helium. Production of very low temperature by adiabatic demagnetisation.